Challenges in education Tissue typing for organ transplants
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A lot of work goes on behind the scenes for an organ transplant.
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It's absolutely impossible to exchange solid functional organs
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such as kidneys between individuals unless they're
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genetically related identical twins. This is
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because every individual is an Daoud with certain
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characteristics that are hereditary. These things are called antigen.
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And just like the body tends to reject foreign
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bacteria. It recognizes these antigens as
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being foreign and tends to reject them. Now the rejection can be
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controlled if you match the antigens of the donor and the recipient.
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In a moment we'll learn more about tissue typing for organ transplants.
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Challenges in education presented by Duke University.
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Here with today's feature is Charles Bronson.
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Recently we talked with Dr. Chester Yumi ASCII associate professor of
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immunology at Duke about matching donors and recipients for organ
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transplants.
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We asked about the matching process and the way we match the
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method similar to the ones that are used in matching blood for a blood
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transfusion. If you get the wrong type of blood.
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Then you have a terrible reaction. And the types that are
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involved in blood are found on the red cell. Groups that
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we're dealing with in tissue transplant patients are found on the white.
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So we have certain serum from particular people who have produced
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so-called antibodies that are directed against these antigens. And
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by using the sear we can determine what particular antigens a
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certain individual may have. And once we've done asked him we can
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go down the line and match up the donor and recipient.
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Is tissue typing a complex problem. Again Dr..
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Weil the methods of typing are not really very complex as far serologic
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methods go. The biggest problem. Is that the reagents we're
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using. Rather crude at the moment
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because this is a relatively new field. We still haven't had
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time to develop excellent reagents such as those that are used for AB O or
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R each grouping of red cells. Furthermore the cells we're working with.
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Are very difficult cells to work with. There nucleated cells that are
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alive. They're capable of reproduction. They're
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short lived. And they have many physical
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properties which cause them. To be extremely
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difficult to deal with.
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Several techniques are employed in typing tissues and at the moment all of them are
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used because some reagents work better in one technique than in another
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tissue typing can take up to three days.
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If tests are repeated the length of time that it takes to do it depends an awful lot on the
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technique that's being you used. But. Most of them require at
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least two and a half to three hours.
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Doctors Yumi FC believes that tissue typing is extremely important.
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I certainly think that there is no question that if organ transplantation is to
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succeed. On a large scale tissue typing methods must
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be you. We find that the good matches
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do much better. Than the poor man. And we haven't had
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any. Disappointments with any of our good matches whereas we
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have had several problems associated with those people who are not well
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matched.
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Tissue typing for transplants. This is Charles Brazill.
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What challenges an education from Duke University.
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This program was distributed by the national educational radio network.
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